Biologik xilma - xillikni saqlash – barqaror rivojlanish omili

Ushbu maqolada XXI asrda Yer sharida kuzatilayotgan biologik xilma-xillikning keskin kamayib borishi va uning global ekologik muammo sifatida e’tirof etilishi yoritilgan. Bioxilma-xillikning asosiy turlari – genetik, turlar va ekotizimlar xilma-xilligi haqida ma’lumotlar berilgan. Inson faoliyati natijasida yuzaga kelayotgan antropogen omillar, xususan, oʻrmonlarning kesilishi, global iqlim oʻzgarishi, tabiiy yashash muhitlarining yoʻqolishi biologik turlarni yoʻq bo‘lish xavfi ostida qoldirayotganligi ta’kidlangan. Nam tropik oʻrmonlar va ularning ekologik ahamiyati, o‘rmonlarning insoniyat farovonligidagi o‘rni alohida ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan. Shuningdek, bioxilma-xillikni saqlashning ahamiyati, Oʻzbekistondagi flora va fauna holati, ularni muhofaza qilishning dolzarbligi ilmiy asosda tahlil qilingan. Maqolada tabiiy ekotizimlarning muvozanati va barqarorligini ta’minlashda bioxilma-xillikning roli ochib berilgan.

This article discusses the sharp decline in biodiversity observed on Earth in the 21st century and its recognition as a global environmental problem. Information is provided on the main types of biodiversity - genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. It is emphasized that anthropogenic factors resulting from human activity, in particular, deforestation, global climate change, and loss of natural habitats, are putting biological species at risk of extinction. Special attention is paid to humid tropical forests and their ecological significance, the role of forests in human well-being. The importance of preserving biodiversity, the state of flora and fauna in Uzbekistan, and the urgency of their protection are also analyzed on a scientific basis. The article reveals the role of biodiversity in ensuring the balance and stability of natural ecosystems.